Sea-Bird SBE 9 Data File
URL | https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/757722 |
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Download URL | https://www.bco-dmo.org/dataset/757722/data/download |
Media Type | text/tab-separated-values |
Created | March 6, 2019 |
Modified | March 7, 2019 |
State | Final no updates expected |
Brief Description | CTD data from AT39-01 (North Pond 2017 expedition) |
Acquisition Description
Software Version Seasave V 7.23.2
Processing Description
BCO-DMO Processing Notes:
– combined all files into one large file
– reformatted latitude and longitude into degrees
– reformatted date/time to ISO 8601 format
– appended lat, lon, time_ut, cast_id, and cast_no to the data from the headers
– added conventional header with dataset name, PI name, version date
– sorted by date/time and depth
Instruments
WET Labs C Star
serial number: CST-854DR
caibration date: 8-Dec-16
WET Labs ECO-AFL/FL
Serial No.: FLTURT-964
Calibration Date: 22-Nov-16
WET Labs, ECO-NTU
Serial no.: FLTURT-964
Calibration date: 22-Nov-16
The ECO FLNTU is a dual-wavelength, single-angle sensor for simultaneously determining both chlorophyll fluorescence and turbidity.
Parameters
water pressure at measurement; depth reported as pressure; positive number increasing with water depth
Conductivity. Units and collection methods may vary. Often reported in Siemens/meter.
When used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC project this is the conductivity in Siemens/meter for the primary conductivity sensor on a CTD.
Conductivity. Units and collection methods may vary. Often reported in Siemens/meter.
When used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC project this is the conductivity in Siemens/meter for the primary conductivity sensor on a CTD.
light transmission, as percent
Fluorescence. Indirect measure of pigment concentration.
Units and collection method may vary. Units often reported in milligrams/meter^3 (mg/m3) or micromoles per liter (ug/L). Sometimes reported after being calibrated against extracted pigment concentrations.
In JGOFS/GLOBEC projects fluorescence is measured from CTD instrument sensor.
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by individual particles
dissolved oxygen concentration
Depth. Originally named 'depSM'.
Observation/sample depth below the sea surface. Units often reported as: meters, feet.
When used in a JGOFS/GLOBEC dataset the depth is a best estimate; usually but not always calculated from pressure; calculated either from CTD pressure using Fofonoff and Millard (1982; UNESCO Tech Paper #44) algorithm adjusted for 1980 equation of state for seawater (EOS80) or simply equivalent to nominal depth as recorded during sampling if CTD pressure was unavailable.
density, in mass per unit volume
density, in mass per unit volume
salinity, calculated from the CTD 'primary sensors' of conductivity and temperature, Practical Salinity Scale (PSS-78), dimensionless. Depending on the input source, salinity from the primary sensors can have a variety of names i.e. s0, s00, sal0, sal00.
salinity, calculated from the CTD 'primary sensors' of conductivity and temperature, Practical Salinity Scale (PSS-78), dimensionless. Depending on the input source, salinity from the primary sensors can have a variety of names i.e. s0, s00, sal0, sal00.
sound velocity in sea water, in meters/second
sound velocity in sea water, in meters/second
Oxygen concentration from SBE 43. Originally named 'sbeox0Mm/L'.
dissolved oxygen concentration
Data flag. Multiple uses which are dataset dependent. Some uses: data quality, collection occurance or success, depth indicator. See dataset documentation for specific details
date and time in ISO 8601 format yyyy-m-ddTHH:MM:SS
Date/Time (UTC) ISO formatted
This standard is based on ISO 8601:2004(E) and takes on any of the following forms:
2009-08-30T09:05:00[.xx] (local time)
2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]-05:00
The dashes and the colons can be dropped.
The T can also be dropped "by mutual agreement", but one needs the trailing Z if the time is UTC.
Sample ISO_datetime_utc:
2009-08-30T14:05:00[.xx]Z (UTC time)
longitude. East is positive; negative denotes West.
longitude, in decimal degrees, East is positive, negative denotes West; Reported in some datsets as degrees, minutes
latitude. North is positive; negative denotes South
latitude, in decimal degrees, North is positive, negative denotes South; Reported in some datasets as degrees, minutes
Dataset Maintainers
Name | Affiliation | Contact |
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Grieg Steward | University of Hawaii at Manoa (SOEST) | ✓ |
Mathew Biddle | University of Hawaii at Manoa (SOEST) | ✓ |
BCO-DMO Project Info
Project Title | Collaborative Research: Completing North Pond Borehole Experiments to Elucidate the Hydrology of Young, Slow-Spread Crust |
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Acronym | North Pond 2017 |
URL | https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/707762 |
Created | July 5, 2017 |
Modified | July 5, 2017 |
Project Description
NSF Award Abstract:
Seawater circulates through the upper part of the oceanic crust much like groundwater flows through continental aquifers. However, in the ocean this seawater circulation, many times heated by buried magmatic bodies, transports and releases 25% of the Earth’s heat. The rate of fluid flow through ocean crust is estimated to be equal to the amount of water delivered by rivers to the ocean. Much of what we know of this subseafloor fluid flow comes from studies in the eastern Pacific Ocean on ocean crust created by medium and fast spreading mid-ocean ridges. These studies indicate that seawater and its circulation through the seafloor significantly impact crustal evolution and biogeochemical cycles in the ocean and affect the biosphere in ways that are just now beginning to be quantified and understood. To expand this understanding, this research focuses on fluid flow of seafloor generated by slow spreading ridges, like those in the Atlantic, Indian and Arctic Oceans because it is significantly different in structure, mineralogy, and morphology than that formed at fast and intermediate spreading ridges. This research returns to North Pond, a long-term; seafloor; fluid flow monitoring site, drilled and instumented by the Ocean Drilling Program in the Atlantic Ocean. This research site was punctured by boreholes in which fluid flow and geochemical and biological samplers have been deployed for a number of years to collect data and samples. It also provides resources for shipboard and on-shore geochemical and biological analysis. Broader impacts of the work include sensor and technology development, which increases infrastructure for science and has commercial applications. It also provides training for students and the integration of education and research at three US academic institutions, one of which is an EPSCoR state (Mississippi), and supports a PI whose gender is under-represented in sciences and engineering. Public outreach will be carried out in conjunction with the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations.
This project completes a long-term biogeochemical and hydrologic study of ridge flank hydrothermal processes on slow-spreading, 8 million year old crust on the western flank of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The site, North Pond, is an isolated northeast-trending sediment pond, bounded by undersea mountains that have been studied since the 1970s. During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 336 in 2011 and an expedition five months later (2012), sensors, samplers, and experiments were deployed in four borehole observatories drilled into the seafloor that penetrated into volcanic crust, with the purpose of monitoring changes in hydrologic properties, crustal fluid composition and mineral alteration, among other objectives. Wellhead sampling in 2012 and 2014 already revealed changes in crustal fluid compositions; and associated pressure data confirm that the boreholes are sealed and overpressured, reflecting a change in the formation as the boreholes recover from drilling disturbances. This research includes a 13-day oceanographic expedition and use of on-site robotically operated vehicles to recover downhole instrument packages at North Pond. It will allow the sampling of crustal fluids, recovering pressure data, and measuring fluid flow rates. Ship- and shore-based analyses will be used to address fundamental questions related to the hydrogeology of hydrothermal processes on slow-spread crust.
Data Project Maintainers
Name | Affiliation | Role |
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Beth N. Orcutt | Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences | Lead Principal Investigator |
Charles Geoffrey Wheat | University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF-IMS) | Principal Investigator |
Keir Becker | University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science (UM-RSMAS) | Principal Investigator |
BCO-DMO Project Info
Project Title | Collaborative Research: A multidimensional approach to understanding microbial carbon cycling beneath the seafloor during cool hydrothermal circulation |
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Acronym | Subseafloor Microbial Carbon Cycling |
URL | https://www.bco-dmo.org/project/650059 |
Created | June 24, 2016 |
Modified | November 29, 2017 |
Project Description
NSF abstract:
The global ocean comprises Earth’s largest microbiome, with at least half of the ocean’s microbial biomass occurring beneath the ocean floor. In particular, oceanic crust encompasses the largest aquifer on Earth, with a liquid volume equal to approximately 2% of the ocean’s volume. It also harbors a substantial reservoir of microbial life that may influence global-scale biogeochemical cycles. This project investigates this largest actively flowing aquifer system on Earth- the fluids circulating through oceanic crust underlying the oceans and sediments. Despite advancing knowledge about life in the deep ocean, the understanding of microorganisms in the rocky oceanic crust and the fluids flowing through it remains rudimentary. This project is focused on understanding the linkages between microbial activity and the cycling of carbon in the cool, subseafloor biosphere. The balance between organic carbon-consuming and organic carbon-producing metabolisms within the crustal biosphere will be determined using seafloor observatories put in place by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) on the flanks of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, likely representative of the majority of global hydrothermal fluid circulation. The rates of microbial transformations of carbon will be determined using both geochemical and biological approaches. Results will help establish the extent to which microbially-mediated processes in the subseafloor influence carbon cycling in the ocean. This work will represent the first comprehensive description of carbon cycling in the cold oxic crustal aquifer. Two female postdocs will be supported on the grant, and both high school and community college students will also be involved through collaborations with Cape Cod Community College and Cambridge-Rindge and Latin School. The goal is to promote science, technology, engineering and math literacy among high-school and community college students through hand-on research experiences, peer-to-peer mentoring, and professional development opportunities.
The goal of the project is to answer the question “is the cool crustal subseafloor biosphere net autotrophic or net heterotrophic?” The focus of the effort is at North Pond, an isolated sediment pond located on ridge flank oceanic crust 7-8 million years old on the western side of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. The two objectives of the project are to:
1. Characterize suspended particles in subseafloor fluids with respect to their inorganic and organic carbon content, and natural 14C and 13C isotopic ratios, to determine microbially-mediated fluxes and processes.
2. Characterize the net influence of particle-associated and free-living microbial communities on subseafloor fluid primary production and remineralization, as well as the taxon-specific contributions to these same processes.
The integration of isotope geochemical and molecular biological approaches represents a significant cross-disciplinary advance in the understanding of the microbial ecology and geochemistry of the subseafloor biosphere in young oceanic crust and their role in maintaining global deep-sea redox balance. Expected outcomes include identifying signatures of autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism in particle-associated and free-living subseafloor microbial communities as well as quantification of autotrophic and heterotrophic metabolism and associated taxon-abundances to provide insights into the net and specific microbial processes in crustal fluids on carbon fluxes.
Data Project Maintainers
Name | Affiliation | Role |
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Julie A. Huber | Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) | Lead Principal Investigator |
Peter R. Girguis | Harvard University | Principal Investigator |